diff --git a/tests/test_automate.py b/tests/test_automate.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e167e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_automate.py
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+"""automate.py 的 Pillow 图像分析函数回归测试。
+
+覆盖：detect_card_rows 行检测、count_blue_pixels 蓝勾检测、
+sample_rgb_from_file 像素采样、std_profile 标准差剖面、
+date_label_hash / screenshot_hash 哈希稳定性。
+
+这些测试用合成图片验证逻辑，不需要启动模拟器。
+"""
+import os
+import random
+import tempfile
+import unittest
+
+from PIL import Image, ImageDraw
+
+# 把项目根目录加入 path
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
+import automate
+
+
+class TestDetectCardRows(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_detects_three_rows(self):
+        img = Image.new("RGB", (1080, 2400), (240, 240, 240))
+        random.seed(42)
+        for row_top in [1060, 1280, 1500]:
+            for y in range(row_top, row_top + 180):
+                for x in range(100, 980):
+                    img.putpixel((x, y), (
+                        random.randint(50, 200),
+                        random.randint(50, 200),
+                        random.randint(50, 200),
+                    ))
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".png", delete=False) as f:
+            path = f.name
+        try:
+            img.save(path)
+            rows = automate.detect_card_rows(path)
+            self.assertEqual(len(rows), 3)
+            for expected, actual in zip([1150, 1370, 1590], rows):
+                self.assertLess(abs(expected - actual), 20)
+        finally:
+            os.unlink(path)
+
+    def test_empty_image_returns_no_rows(self):
+        img = Image.new("RGB", (1080, 2400), (200, 200, 200))
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".png", delete=False) as f:
+            path = f.name
+        try:
+            img.save(path)
+            rows = automate.detect_card_rows(path)
+            self.assertEqual(rows, [])
+        finally:
+            os.unlink(path)
+
+
+class TestCountBluePixels(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_blue_badge_detected(self):
+        img = Image.new("RGB", (1080, 2400), (200, 200, 200))
+        draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
+        draw.rectangle([500, 1160, 580, 1240], fill=(100, 143, 252))
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".png", delete=False) as f:
+            path = f.name
+        try:
+            img.save(path)
+            cnt = automate.count_blue_pixels(path, 540, 1200)
+            self.assertGreaterEqual(cnt, 500)
+        finally:
+            os.unlink(path)
+
+    def test_gray_area_not_detected(self):
+        img = Image.new("RGB", (1080, 2400), (200, 200, 200))
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".png", delete=False) as f:
+            path = f.name
+        try:
+            img.save(path)
+            cnt = automate.count_blue_pixels(path, 200, 1200)
+            self.assertLess(cnt, 500)
+        finally:
+            os.unlink(path)
+
+
+class TestSampleRgb(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_sample_pixel(self):
+        img = Image.new("RGB", (100, 100), (0, 0, 0))
+        img.putpixel((50, 50), (255, 128, 64))
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".png", delete=False) as f:
+            path = f.name
+        try:
+            img.save(path)
+            rgb = automate.sample_rgb_from_file(path, 50, 50)
+            self.assertEqual(rgb, (255, 128, 64))
+        finally:
+            os.unlink(path)
+
+    def test_out_of_bounds_returns_zero(self):
+        img = Image.new("RGB", (10, 10), (10, 20, 30))
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".png", delete=False) as f:
+            path = f.name
+        try:
+            img.save(path)
+            rgb = automate.sample_rgb_from_file(path, 999, 999)
+            self.assertEqual(rgb, (0, 0, 0))
+        finally:
+            os.unlink(path)
+
+
+class TestStdProfile(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_textured_rows_have_high_std(self):
+        img = Image.new("RGB", (1080, 2400), (240, 240, 240))
+        random.seed(123)
+        for y in range(1100, 1300):
+            for x in range(350, 1050):
+                img.putpixel((x, y), (random.randint(0, 255),) * 3)
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".png", delete=False) as f:
+            path = f.name
+        try:
+            img.save(path)
+            prof = automate.std_profile(path)
+            textured = sum(1 for _, s in prof if s >= 28)
+            self.assertGreater(textured, 100)
+        finally:
+            os.unlink(path)
+
+
+class TestHashStability(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_date_label_hash_stable(self):
+        img = Image.new("RGB", (1080, 2400), (100, 150, 200))
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".png", delete=False) as f:
+            path = f.name
+        try:
+            img.save(path)
+            h1 = automate.date_label_hash(path)
+            h2 = automate.date_label_hash(path)
+            self.assertEqual(h1, h2)
+        finally:
+            os.unlink(path)
+
+    def test_screenshot_hash_stable(self):
+        img = Image.new("RGB", (1080, 2400), (100, 150, 200))
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".png", delete=False) as f:
+            path = f.name
+        try:
+            img.save(path)
+            h1 = automate.screenshot_hash(path)
+            h2 = automate.screenshot_hash(path)
+            self.assertEqual(h1, h2)
+        finally:
+            os.unlink(path)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()